Density of Ceramic Materials
The density of a ceramic is influenced by a number of factors, including its chemical composition, microstructure, and porosity. Ceramics with a high concentration of heavy elements, such as zirconium and tungsten, will have higher densities than ceramics with a high concentration of light elements, such as silicon and oxygen.
The following table provides a comprehensive list of density values for different ceramics at standard room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and 1 atmospheric (atm) pressure. (1 atm = 101,325 Pa)
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| Aluminum diboride (AlB2) | Borides | 3190 |
| Aluminum dodecaboride (AlB12) | Borides | 2550 |
| Barium hexaboride (BaB6) | Borides | 4350 |
| Beryllium diboride (BeB2) | Borides | 2420 |
| Beryllium hexaboride (BeB6) | Borides | 2330 |
| Calcium hexaboride (CaB6) | Borides | 2460 |
| Cerium hexaboride (CeB6) | Borides | 4870 |
| Chromium boride (Cr5B3) | Borides | 6100 |
| Chromium diboride (CrB2) | Borides | 5220 |
| Chromium monoboride (CrB) | Borides | 6200 |
| Cobalt boride (CoB) | Borides | 7250 |
| Hafnium diboride (HfB2) | Borides | 10500 |
| Hafnium boride (HfB) | Borides | 12800 |
| Iron diboride (FeB2) | Borides | 7300 |
| Iron boride (FeB) | Borides | 7000 |
| Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) | Borides | 4760 |
| Molybdenum boride (Mo2B) | Borides | 9200 |
| Niobium diboride (NbB2) | Borides | 6970 |
| Niobium boride (NbB) | Borides | 7570 |
| Silicon hexaboride (SiB6) | Borides | 2430 |
| Silicon tetraboride (SiB4) | Borides | 2400 |
| Tantalum diboride (TaB2) | Borides | 11200 |
| Tantalum boride (TaB) | Borides | 14190 |
| Thorium hexaboride (ThB6) | Borides | 6800 |
| Thorium tetraboride (ThB4) | Borides | 8450 |
| Titanium boride (TiB) | Borides | 5260 |
| Titanium diboride (TiB2) | Borides | 4520 |
| Tungsten hemiboride (W2B) | Borides | 16000 |
| Uranium diboride (UB2) | Borides | 12700 |
| Uranium dodecaboride (UB12) | Borides | 5825 |
| Vanadium diboride (VB2) | Borides | 5070 |
| Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) | Borides | 6085 |
| Zirconium dodecaboride (ZrB12) | Borides | 3630 |
| Aluminum carbide (Al4C3) | Carbides | 2360 |
| Beryllium hemicarbide (Be2C) | Carbides | 1900 |
| Boron carbide (B4C) | Carbides | 2510 |
| Chromium carbide (Cr3C2) | Carbides | 6680 |
| Diamond (C) | Carbides | 3515 |
| Graphite (C) | Carbides | 2250 |
| Hafnium carbide (HfC) | Carbides | 12200 |
| Molybdenum carbide (MoC) | Carbides | 9150 |
| Niobium hemicarbide (Nb2C) | Carbides | 7800 |
| Niobium carbide (NbC) | Carbides | 7820 |
| Silicon carbide (SiC) | Carbides | 3160 |
| Tantalum carbide (TaC) | Carbides | 14300 |
| Thorium carbide (ThC) | Carbides | 10600 |
| Titanium carbide (TiC) | Carbides | 4930 |
| Tungsten carbide (WC) | Carbides | 15600 |
| Tungsten hemicarbide (W2C) | Carbides | 14800 |
| Uranium carbide (UC) | Carbides | 13630 |
| Uranium dicarbide (UC2) | Carbides | 11300 |
| Vanadium carbide (VC) | Carbides | 5770 |
| Zirconium carbide (ZrC) | Carbides | 6730 |
| Aluminum nitride (AlN) | Nitrides | 3255 |
| Beryllium nitride (Be3N2) | Nitrides | 2710 |
| Boron nitride (BN) | Nitrides | 2180 |
| Chromium nitride (CrN) | Nitrides | 5900 |
| Hafnium nitride (HfN) | Nitrides | 13800 |
| Molybdenum nitride (MoN) | Nitrides | 9200 |
| Niobium nitride (NbN) | Nitrides | 8470 |
| Silicon nitride (Si3N4) | Nitrides | 3170 |
| Tantalum nitride (TaN) | Nitrides | 13700 |
| Thorium nitride (ThN) | Nitrides | 11600 |
| Titanium nitride (TiN) | Nitrides | 5430 |
| Tungsten nitride (WN2) | Nitrides | 7700 |
| Uranium nitride (U2N3) | Nitrides | 11300 |
| Vanadium nitride (VN) | Nitrides | 6130 |
| Zirconium nitride (ZrN) | Nitrides | 7090 |
| Chromium disilicide (CrSi2) | Silicides | 4910 |
| Chromium silicide (Cr3Si) | Silicides | 6400 |
| Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) | Silicides | 6200 |
| Tantalum disilicide (TaSi2) | Silicides | 9140 |
| Tantalum silicide (Ta5Si3) | Silicides | 13060 |
| Thorium disilicide (ThSi2) | Silicides | 7900 |
| Titanium disilicide (TiSi2) | Silicides | 4000 |
| Tungsten disilicide (WSi2) | Silicides | 9300 |
| Tungsten silicide (W5Si3) | Silicides | 14400 |
| Vanadium disilicide (VSi2) | Silicides | 4420 |
| Vanadium silicide (V3Si) | Silicides | 5700 |
| Zirconium disilicide (ZrSi2) | Silicides | 4880 |
| Aluminum sesquioxide (Al2O3) | Oxides | 3990 |
| Beryllium oxide (BeO) | Oxides | 3020 |
| Calcium oxide (CaO) | Oxides | 3340 |
| Cerium dioxide (CeO2) | Oxides | 7220 |
| Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) | Oxides | 5220 |
| Dysprosium oxide (Dy2O3) | Oxides | 7810 |
| Europium oxide (Eu2O3) | Oxides | 7420 |
| Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) | Oxides | 7410 |
| Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) | Oxides | 9680 |
| Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) | Oxides | 6510 |
| Magnesium oxide (MgO) | Oxides | 3580 |
| Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) | Oxides | 4470 |
| Samarium oxide (Sm2O3) | Oxides | 7600 |
| Silicon dioxide (SiO2) | Oxides | 2650 |
| Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) | Oxides | 8200 |
| Thorium dioxide (ThO2) | Oxides | 10000 |
| Titanium dioxide (TiO2) | Oxides | 4230 |
| Titanium monoxide (TiO) | Oxides | 4950 |
| Titanium sesquioxide (Ti2O3) | Oxides | 4486 |
| Trititanium pentoxide (Ti3O5) | Oxides | 4240 |
| Uranium dioxide (UO2) | Oxides | 10970 |
| Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) | Oxides | 5030 |
| Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) | Oxides | 5680 |
The density of a ceramic material may vary depending on factors such as temperature, crystalline structure, and specific manufacturing processes.
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 3) A.M. Howatson, P.G. Lun, J.D. Todd, P.D. Engineering Tables and Data. United Kingdom: University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, 2009. 4) CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook. United States: CRC Press, 2000.