Properties of Pentane (C5H12)
Pentane (C5H12) is a hydrocarbon compound belonging to the alkane family, specifically a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. It is a highly flammable and volatile liquid at room temperature and is often used as a solvent in laboratories and industrial applications.
The following table provides a comprehensive list of pentane properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units at normal temperature and pressure (NTP).
Click on the icon to switch between Metric and Imperial units.
| Physical Properties | Metric |
|---|---|
| Molar Mass | 72.15 g/mol |
| Density | 626 kg/m3 |
| Dynamic Viscosity | 0.224 mPa·s |
| Surface Tension | 15.48 mN/m |
| Thermal Properties | Metric |
| Melting Point | -129.8 °C |
| Boiling Point | 36.1 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (25°C) | 0.1113 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) | 2317 J/kg·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (αV) (25°C) | 1.64×10-3 1/°C |
| Vapor Pressure | 56.6 kPa |
| Critical Constants | Metric |
| Critical Temperature (Tc) | 197 °C |
| Critical Pressure (Pc) | 3.37 MPa |
| Critical Molar Volume (Vc) | 310 cm3/mol |
| Electrical Properties | Metric |
| Relative Permittivity (εr) | 1.837 |
| Optical Properties | Metric |
| Refractive Index (589 nm) | 1.358 |
| Hazardous Data | Metric |
| Flash Point | -40 °C |
| Autoignition Temperature | 260 °C |
| Lower Flammability Limit | 1.4% |
| Upper Flammability Limit | 8% |
| NFPA Rating (Health) | 1 |
| NFPA Rating (Fire) | 4 |
| NFPA Rating (Reactivity) | 0 |
Unless stated otherwise, all values are taken at room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and 1 atm pressure. (1 atm = 101,325 Pa)
Related Pages
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 3) Yaws, Carl L. The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals. Netherlands: Elsevier Science, 2015. 4) Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials, 14th Edition. United States: National Fire Protection Association, 2010.