SAE/AISI 8630 Alloy Steel (UNS G86300)
SAE/AISI 8630 alloy steel is a low-alloy, nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel known for its outstanding strength, toughness, and hardenability. It is widely used in demanding applications such as automotive components, aerospace parts, industrial tooling, and structural machinery due to its versatility and robust mechanical properties.
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| Chemical Composition | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Min | Max |
| Iron | 96.7% | 98.0% |
| Carbon | 0.28% | 0.33% |
| Chromium | 0.40% | 0.60% |
| Manganese | 0.65% | 0.95% |
| Molybdenum | 0.15% | 0.25% |
| Nickel | 0.35% | 0.75% |
| Phosphorous | —— | 0.035% |
| Silicon | 0.15% | 0.30% |
| Sulfur | —— | 0.04% |
The following table provides a list of SAE/AISI 8630 properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units.
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| Physical Properties | Metric |
|---|---|
| Density | 7850 kg/m3 |
| Mechanical Properties | Metric |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | 620 MPa |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | 550 MPa |
| Young’s Modulus (E) | 190 - 210 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus (K) | 140 GPa |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 72 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 16% |
| Poisson’s Ratio (ν) | 0.27 - 0.30 |
| Thermal Properties | Metric |
| Thermal Conductivity | 46.6 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) | 470 J/kg·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (αL) | 1.12×10-5 1/°C |
| Electrical Properties | Metric |
| Electrical Conductivity | 4.23×106 S/m |
| Electrical Resistivity | 2.36×10-7 Ω·m |
The values in this table are approximate and can vary depending on various factors such as the specific manufacturing process and heat treatment applied to the alloy.
Advantages & Disadvantages of 8630 Alloy Steel
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| High strength and hardness | Limited corrosion resistance |
| Excellent toughness | Relatively high cost compared to carbon steels |
| Good wear resistance | Requires proper heat treatment for optimal properties |
| High fatigue resistance | Reduced tool life during machining |
| Good weldability | Susceptible to cracking if improperly welded |
Applications of 8630 Alloy Steel
SAE/AISI 8630 is commonly selected across industries requiring high strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance, including:
- Gears and Gear Shafts: Often used in the manufacturing of gears and gear shafts due to its excellent strength, toughness, and wear resistance.
- Aircraft and Aerospace Components: The high strength, hardenability, and fatigue resistance make it suitable for aircraft and aerospace applications.
- Oil and Gas Industry: Widely utilized for its ability to withstand high stress and fatigue in demanding oil and gas environments.
- Automotive Industry: Employed in parts that require high strength and toughness under dynamic loading conditions.
- Machinery and Tooling: Utilized in the production of various components where mechanical durability is essential.
- Mining Equipment: Chosen for its robustness and ability to endure heavy mechanical loads and harsh conditions.
- Power Generation: Applied in power generation systems, including turbine shafts and generator components.