SAE/AISI 1212 Carbon Steel (UNS G12120)
SAE/AISI 1212 is a low-carbon resulfurized steel commonly used in screw machine operations due to its excellent machinability, good cold-forming properties, and low cost.
| Chemical Composition | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Min | Max |
| Iron | 98.52% | 99.07% |
| Carbon | 0.13% | |
| Manganese | 0.70% | 1.0% |
| Phosphorous | 0.07% | 0.12% |
| Sulfur | 0.16% | 0.23% |
The following table provides a list of SAE/AISI 1212 properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units.
Click on the icon to switch between Metric and Imperial units.
| Physical Properties | Metric |
|---|---|
| Density | 7870 kg/m3 |
| Mechanical Properties | Metric |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | 540 MPa |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | 415 MPa |
| Young’s Modulus (E) | 190 - 210 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus (K) | 140 GPa |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 10% |
| Reduction of Area | 35% |
| Poisson’s Ratio (ν) | 0.27 - 0.30 |
| Brinell Hardness | 167 |
| Thermal Properties | Metric |
| Thermal Conductivity | 52 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) | 470 J/kg·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (αL) | 1.15×10-5 1/°C |
| Electrical Properties | Metric |
| Electrical Conductivity | 4.1×106 S/m |
| Electrical Resistivity | 2.4×10-7 Ω·m |
The values in this table are approximate and can vary depending on various factors such as the specific manufacturing process and heat treatment applied to the alloy.
Advantages & Disadvantages of 1212 Carbon Steel
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Enhanced machinability | Lower strength compared to other steels |
| Excellent surface finish | Reduced toughness |
| Easy to machine, tap, and thread | Limited weldability |
Applications of 1212 Carbon Steel
1212 carbon steel, known for its enhanced machinability, finds application in various industries where machining operations are critical. Here are some common applications of 1212 carbon steel:
- Screw machine parts: 1212 carbon steel is widely used for producing screw machine parts such as fasteners, bolts, nuts, and screws.
- Bushings and bearings: Due to its good wear resistance and machinability, 1212 carbon steel is employed in the production of bushings and bearings.
- Fittings and connectors: 1212 carbon steel is utilized in the manufacturing of fittings and connectors for various industries, including plumbing, automotive, and hydraulic systems.
- Electrical connectors: The ease of machining and good conductivity of 1212 carbon steel make it suitable for electrical connectors and terminals.
- Hydraulic components: Hydraulic systems often require components that can withstand high pressure and provide excellent sealing properties. 1212 carbon steel is used for manufacturing hydraulic fittings, couplings, and valves.
- Automotive parts: Certain automotive components, such as bushings, inserts, and fasteners, can be made from 1212 carbon steel.
- Instrumentation parts: 1212 carbon steel is employed in the fabrication of precision instrumentation parts, including gauges, probes, and measuring devices.