SAE/AISI 1211 Carbon Steel (UNS G12110)
SAE/AISI 1211 is a resulfurized carbon steel known for its superior machinability and moderate strength. It is primarily used in screw machine operations and other manufacturing processes where ease of machining is prioritized over high strength.
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| Chemical Composition | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Min | Max |
| Iron | 98.7% | 99.2% |
| Carbon | —— | 0.13% |
| Manganese | 0.60% | 0.90% |
| Phosphorous | 0.07% | 0.12% |
| Sulfur | 0.10% | 0.15% |
The following table provides a list of SAE/AISI 1211 properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units.
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| Physical Properties | Metric |
|---|---|
| Density | 7870 kg/m3 |
| Mechanical Properties | Metric |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | 515 MPa |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | 400 MPa |
| Young’s Modulus (E) | 190 - 210 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus (K) | 140 GPa |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 10% |
| Reduction of Area | 35% |
| Poisson’s Ratio (ν) | 0.27 - 0.30 |
| Brinell Hardness | 163 |
| Thermal Properties | Metric |
| Thermal Conductivity | 52 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) | 470 J/kg·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (αL) | 1.15×10-5 1/°C |
| Electrical Properties | Metric |
| Electrical Conductivity | 4.1×106 S/m |
| Electrical Resistivity | 2.4×10-7 Ω·m |
The values in this table are approximate and can vary depending on various factors such as the specific manufacturing process and heat treatment applied to the alloy.
Advantages & Disadvantages of 1211 Carbon Steel
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Good machinability | Low strength |
| Moderate cost | Low toughness |
| Wide availability | Susceptible to corrosion |
| Good weldability |
Applications of 1211 Carbon Steel
1211 carbon steel is a versatile and affordable material that is well-suited for a variety of applications, including:
- Screw machine operations: Commonly selected because it is easy to machine and supports high-volume production of parts like screws, nuts, and bolts.
- Gear cutting: Utilized for gear production thanks to its strength and excellent machinability, enabling reliable performance in automotive and mechanical systems.
- Forming: Can be shaped into various forms such as tubes, pipes, and sheets, making it suitable for a broad range of applications.
- Stamping: Suitable for creating components like washers, brackets, and clips through cost-effective stamping processes.
- Welding: Compatible with welding techniques, allowing it to be integrated into larger assemblies and structural components.
- Machining: Easily machinable, supporting the production of precise and complex parts through turning, milling, or drilling.