Thermal Conductivity of Common Refractory Materials

Generally, refractory materials exhibit relatively low thermal conductivity, meaning they are effective insulators against heat transfer. The specific thermal conductivity of refractory materials can vary widely based on their composition, porosity, and other factors.

The following table provides a curated list of thermal conductivity values for common refractory materials at room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F).

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Thermal Conductivity of Refractory Materials
Alumina brick (64-65 wt% Al2O3)4.67
Brick, fireclay1.0042
Brick, hard-fired silica (94-95 wt% silica)1.6736
Brick, high alumina (53 wt% alumina) (20% porosity)1.3807
Brick, high alumina (83 wt% alumina) (28% porosity)1.5062
Brick, high alumina (87 wt% alumina) (22% porosity)2.9288
Brick, kaolin insulating (heavy)0.251
Brick, kaolin insulating (light)0.0837
Brick, magnesite (86 wt% MgO) (17.8% porosity)3.6819
Brick, magnesite (87 wt% MgO)3.8493
Brick, magnesite (89 wt% MgO)3.4727
Brick, magnesite (90 wt% MgO) (14.5% porosity)4.9371
Brick, magnesite (93 wt% MgO) (22.6% porosity)4.8116
Brick, normal fireclay (22% porosity)1.297
Brick, siliceous (25% porosity)0.9372
Brick, siliceous fireclay (23% porosity)1.0878
Brick, sillimanite (22% porosity)1.4644
Brick, stabilized dolomite (22% porosity)1.6736
Brick, vermiculite0.1674
Calcium oxide (pressed)13.807
Calcium oxide (packed powder)0.318
Carbon brick (99 wt% graphite)3.6
Carbon brick (fired)3.5982
Chrome brick (100 wt% Cr2O3)2.3
Chrome brick (32 wt% Cr2O3)1.1715
Chrome-magnesite brick2.092
Chrome-magnesite brick (52 wt% MgO, 23 wt% Cr2O3)3.5
Diabasic glass (artificial)1.1715
Diatomaceous earth brick0.0877
Diatomaceous earth brick (850°C)0.0921
Diatomaceous earth brick (fused at 1100°C)0.2218
Diatomaceous earth brick (high burn)0.2259
Diatomaceous earth brick (molded)0.2427
Dolomite brick, stabilized (22 wt% silica)1.6736
Egyptian fire (64-71 wt% silica)0.3138
Egyptian firebrick (64-71 wt% silica)0.3138
Fireclay brick (54 wt% SiO2, 40 wt% Al2O3)0.3 - 1.6
Fireclay brick, Missouri1.0042
Fireclay brick, normal (22 wt% water)1.297
Fireclay brick, siliceous (23 wt% water)1.0878
Forsterite brick (58 wt% MgO, 38 wt% SiO2) (20% porosity)1.0042
Fused-alumina brick (96 wt% alumina) (22% porosity)3.0962
High-alumina brick (90-99 wt% Al2O3)3.12
Kaolin brick, insulating (dense)0.2511
Kaolin brick, insulating (light)0.0837
Magnesite brick (95.5 wt% MgO)3.7 - 4.4
Mullite brick (71 wt% Al2O3)7.1
Silica brick (95-99 wt% SiO2)1.5
Silicon carbide brick (80-90 wt% SiC)20.5
Vermiculite brick0.1674
Vermiculite insulating powder0.1213
Vermiculite, expanded (heavy)0.069
Vermiculite, expanded (light)0.0711
Zircon brick (99 wt% ZrSiO4)2.6
Zirconia (stabilized) brick2
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017.