Density of Common Construction Materials
The density of construction materials refers to the mass of a material per unit volume. It is a fundamental property that influences various aspects of construction, such as structural design, load-bearing capacity, and thermal insulation.
The following table provides a curated list of density values for common construction materials at standard room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and 1 atmospheric (atm) pressure. (1 atm = 101,325 Pa)
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| Andesite | 2400 - 2900 |
| Basalt | 2800 - 3200 |
| Concrete (1-4 dry) | 2300 |
| Concrete (cinder) | 1600 |
| Concrete (lightweight) | 950 |
| Concrete (stone; 1-2-4 mix) | 2300 |
| Concrete (heavyweight) | 4000 - 6500 |
| Conglomerate | 2200 - 2700 |
| Diabase | 2800 - 3100 |
| Dolomite | 2760 - 2840 |
| Gneiss | 2500 - 3000 |
| Granite | 2640 - 2760 |
| Gravel (dry) | 1400 - 1700 |
| Limestone (hard) | 2100 - 2760 |
| Limestone (soft) | 1200 - 2200 |
| Marble | 2600 - 2800 |
| Plaster (molded, dry) | 1250 |
| Quartzite | 2640 - 2730 |
| Sand (dry) | 1600 - 1700 |
| Sandstone (hard) | 2140 - 2650 |
| Sandstone (medium) | 2000 - 2140 |
| Sandstone (soft) | 1600 - 2000 |
| Schist | 1500 - 3200 |
| Slate | 2700 - 2950 |
Related Tables
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 3) A.M. Howatson, P.G. Lun, J.D. Todd, P.D. Engineering Tables and Data. United Kingdom: University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, 2009. 4) Stone: Building Stone, Rock Fill and Armourstone in Construction. United Kingdom: Geological Society, 1999.