SAE/AISI 1078 Carbon Steel (UNS G10780)
SAE/AISI 1078 is a high-carbon steel that is typically used in applications where strength and toughness are important, such as springs, hand tools, and components for machinery.
| Chemical Composition | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Min | Max |
| Iron | 98.46% | 98.98% |
| Carbon | 0.72% | 0.85% |
| Manganese | 0.30% | 0.60% |
| Phosphorous | 0.04% | |
| Sulfur | 0.05% | |
The following table provides a list of SAE/AISI 1078 properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units.
Click on the icon to switch between Metric and Imperial units.
| Physical Properties | Metric |
|---|---|
| Density | 7850 kg/m3 |
| Mechanical Properties | Metric |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | 650 - 780 MPa |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | 430 - 570 MPa |
| Young’s Modulus (E) | 190 - 210 GPa |
| Bulk Modulus (K) | 140 GPa |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 10 - 14% |
| Poisson’s Ratio (ν) | 0.27 - 0.30 |
| Brinell Hardness | 190 - 230 |
| Thermal Properties | Metric |
| Thermal Conductivity | 48 W/m·K |
| Specific Heat Capacity (Cp) | 470 J/kg·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (αL) | 1.15×10-5 1/°C |
| Electrical Properties | Metric |
| Electrical Conductivity | 4.1×106 S/m |
| Electrical Resistivity | 2.4×10-7 Ω·m |
The values in this table are approximate and can vary depending on various factors such as the specific manufacturing process and heat treatment applied to the alloy.
Advantages & Disadvantages of 1078 Carbon Steel
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| High Strength | Limited Corrosion Resistance |
| Good Wear Resistance | Lower Toughness |
| Good Machinability | Limited Weldability |
| Cost-Effective |
Applications of 1078 Carbon Steel
1078 carbon steel is commonly used in various applications that require high strength, durability, and good wear resistance. Some of the typical applications of 1078 carbon steel include:
- Springs: 1078 carbon steel is frequently used in the manufacturing of springs, including coil springs, flat springs, and leaf springs.
- Hand Tools: Due to its strength and wear resistance, 1078 carbon steel is employed in the production of hand tools such as wrenches, hammers, chisels, and screwdrivers.
- Automotive Components: 1078 carbon steel finds use in various automotive components, including clutch springs, suspension springs, and torsion bars.
- Machinery Components: This steel grade is utilized in the production of machinery components that require high strength and durability, such as gears, shafts, couplings, and sprockets.
- Agricultural Equipment: 1078 carbon steel can be found in agricultural equipment and machinery parts, including tillage tools, plow blades, cultivator tines, and harrow teeth.
- Fasteners: Due to its high strength and machinability, 1078 carbon steel is utilized in the manufacturing of various types of fasteners like bolts, screws, studs, and rivets.
- Construction and Structural Applications: While not as common as lower carbon steels, 1078 carbon steel may find application in construction and structural components where high strength and toughness are required, such as beams, columns, and supports.