Crystal Structure of Pure Metals
Pure metals have a crystal structure that is made up of a repeating pattern of atoms. The atoms in the crystal structure are arranged in a specific way, which gives the metal its unique properties.
There are several different types of crystal structures that pure metals can have, including:
- Body-Centered Cubic (bcc): In a bcc structure, each atom is positioned at the corners of a cube and one atom is located in the center of the cube. This structure is seen in metals like iron and tungsten.
- Face-Centered Cubic (fcc): In an fcc structure, atoms are located at the corners and at the center of each face of a cube. This structure is found in metals like aluminum, copper, and gold.
- Hexagonal Close-Packed (hcp): hcp structures consist of closely packed layers of atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern. Metals like titanium and magnesium have an HCP structure.
The following table provides a comprehensive list of crystal structures for pure metals.
Actinium (Ac) | fcc |
Aluminum (Al) | fcc |
Antimony (Sb) | rhombic |
Barium (Ba) | bcc |
Beryllium (Be) | hcp |
Bismuth (Bi) | rhombic |
Cadmium (Cd) | hcp |
Calcium (Ca) | fcc |
Cerium (Ce) | dhcp |
Cesium (Cs) | bcc |
Chromium (Cr) | bcc |
Cobalt (Co) | hcp |
Copper (Cu) | fcc |
Dysprosium (Dy) | hcp |
Erbium (Er) | hcp |
Europium (Eu) | bcc |
Gadolinium (Gd) | hcp |
Gallium (Ga) | orthorhombic |
Gold (Au) | fcc |
Hafnium (Hf) | hcp |
Holmium (Ho) | hcp |
Indium (In) | tetragonal |
Iridium (Ir) | fcc |
Iron (Fe) | bcc |
Lanthanum (La) | dhcp |
Lead (Pb) | fcc |
Lithium (Li) | bcc |
Lutetium (Lu) | hcp |
Magnesium (Mg) | hcp |
Manganese (Mn) | cubic |
Mercury (Hg) | rhombic |
Molybdenum (Mo) | bcc |
Neodymium (Nd) | dhcp |
Neptunium (Np) | orthorhombic |
Nickel (Ni) | fcc |
Niobium (Nb) | bcc |
Osmium (Os) | hcp |
Palladium (Pd) | fcc |
Platinum (Pt) | fcc |
Plutonium (Pu) | monoclinic |
Polonium (Po) | cubic |
Potassium (K) | bcc |
Praseodymium (Pr) | dhcp |
Promethium (Pm) | dhcp |
Protactinium (Pa) | tetragonal |
Radium (Ra) | bcc |
Rhenium (Re) | hcp |
Rhodium (Rh) | fcc |
Rubidium (Rb) | bcc |
Ruthenium (Ru) | hcp |
Samarium (Sm) | rhombic |
Scandium (Sc) | hcp |
Silver (Ag) | fcc |
Sodium (Na) | bcc |
Strontium (Sr) | fcc |
Tantalum (Ta) | bcc |
Technetium (Tc) | hcp |
Terbium (Tb) | hcp |
Thallium (Tl) | hcp |
Thorium (Th) | fcc |
Thulium (Tm) | hcp |
Tin (Sn) | tetragonal |
Titanium (Ti) | hcp |
Tungsten (W) | bcc |
Uranium (U) | orthorhombic |
Vanadium (V) | bcc |
Ytterbium (Yb) | hcp |
Yttrium (Y) | hcp |
Zinc (Zn) | hcp |
Zirconium (Zr) | hcp |
Related Tables
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 3) A.M. Howatson, P.G. Lun, J.D. Todd, P.D. Engineering Tables and Data. United Kingdom: University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, 2009.