Density of Common Wood
The density of wood varies depending on the type of wood and its moisture content, but on average, the density of dry wood typically falls in the range of 300 to 900 kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3).
The following table provides a comprehensive list of density values for different wood types at 12% moisture content, measured at room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and 1 atmospheric (atm) pressure. (1 atm = 101,325 Pa)
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| Afromosia | 690 |
| Ash (black) | 530 |
| Ash (blue) | 650 |
| Ash (green) | 610 |
| Ash (white) | 640 |
| Aspen (quaking) | 420 |
| Balsa | 110 - 140 |
| Balsam poplar | 330 - 465 |
| Basswood (American) | 320 - 590 |
| Beech (American) | 720 |
| Beech (blue) | 720 |
| Berlinia, ebiara | 720 |
| Birch (paper) | 600 |
| Birch (silver) | 550 |
| Birch (sweet) | 710 |
| Birch (yellow) | 660 |
| Black wattle | 720 |
| Bluegum (southern) | 820 - 980 |
| Boxelder | 510 |
| Bucida (oxhorn) | 1100 |
| Buckeye (yellow) | 380 |
| Butternut | 400 |
| Cedar (eastern red) | 490 |
| Cedar (northern white) | 300 - 315 |
| Cedar (southern white) | 350 |
| Cedar (tropical) | 370 - 700 |
| Cedar (western red) | 370 |
| Cherry (black) | 560 |
| Cherry (wild red) | 425 |
| Chestnut (American) | 480 |
| Corkwood | 210 |
| Cottonwood (black) | 380 |
| Cottonwood (eastern) | 450 |
| Cypress | 480 - 510 |
| Danta, kotibe | 800 |
| Dogwood | 800 |
| Douglas fir (coast) | 510 - 545 |
| Ebony (India) | 980 |
| Ebony (Mauritius) | 770 |
| Elm (American) | 550 - 660 |
| Elm (rock) | 660 - 800 |
| Elm (slippery) | 570 |
| Eucalyptus (jarrah) | 790 |
| Eucalyptus (karri) | 830 |
| Eucalyptus (mahogany) | 1060 |
| Fir (balsam) | 410 |
| Fir (white) | 415 |
| Greenheart | 1060 - 1230 |
| Gum (red) | 530 |
| Hairi | 510 |
| Hemlock (eastern) | 430 - 450 |
| Hemlock (mountain) | 480 |
| Hemlock (western) | 440 - 465 |
| Hickory (bigleaf) | 810 |
| Hickory (mockernut) | 820 |
| Hickory (pignut) | 770 - 840 |
| Hickory (shagbark) | 840 |
| Hornbeam | 760 |
| Iroko | 800 |
| Ironwood (black) | 1080 |
| Juniper (alligator) | 580 |
| Lapacho, bethabara, ipe | 1060 - 1200 |
| Larch (western) | 590 - 610 |
| Locust (black) | 710 |
| Locust (honey) | 670 |
| Magnolia (cucumber tree) | 520 |
| Magnolia (sweetbay) | 465 |
| Mahogany | 660 - 850 |
| Mahogany (Africa) | 670 |
| Mahogany (India) | 540 |
| Maple (bigleaf) | 545 |
| Maple (black) | 640 |
| Maple (red) | 610 |
| Maple (silver, creek) | 530 |
| Maple (sugar) | 680 - 700 |
| Oak (black) | 670 |
| Oak (bur) | 670 |
| Oak (canyon live) | 840 |
| Oak (chestnut) | 740 |
| Oak (laurel) | 700 |
| Oak (live) | 980 |
| Oak (northern red) | 705 |
| Oak (pin) | 680 |
| Oak (post) | 750 |
| Oak (scarlet) | 750 |
| Oak (swamp chestnut) | 760 |
| Oak (swamp white) | 790 |
| Oak (white) | 770 |
| Oboto | 660 - 865 |
| Persimmon (common) | 710 |
| Pine (eastern white) | 370 - 430 |
| Pine (jack) | 460 |
| Pine (lobolly) | 590 |
| Pine (longleaf) | 640 |
| Pine (patula) | 480 - 610 |
| Pine (pitch) | 540 |
| Pine (ponderosa) | 420 - 450 |
| Pine (red) | 470 - 500 |
| Pine (shortleaf) | 540 - 580 |
| Pine (western white) | 420 - 430 |
| Poplar (yellow) | 430 |
| Red cedar (Australian) | 510 |
| Redwood (young growth) | 380 - 450 |
| Rosewood (Brazilian) | 850 |
| Rosewood (Indian) | 850 |
| Sassafras | 470 |
| Satinwood (Sri Lanka) | 1030 |
| Silver fir (Pacific) | 430 |
| Sourwood | 590 |
| Spruce (black) | 430 |
| Spruce (red) | 410 - 450 |
| Spruce (white) | 450 |
| Sycamore | 400 - 600 |
| Tamarack | 560 |
| Teak (India) | 580 |
| Thuja | 315 |
| Tupelo (black) | 550 - 560 |
| Walnut (black) | 560 - 610 |
| Willow (black) | 400 - 600 |
These values are approximate and can vary depending on the specific species, moisture content, and other factors.
Related Tables
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 2) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 3) Forest Products Laboratory. Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material. United States: USDA, 2010.