Solubility of Different Gases in Water
The solubility of a gas in water depends on the partial pressure of the gas above the solution. This relationship is described by Henry’s Law, which states that at a constant temperature, the concentration of a gas dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in the vapor phase.
The following table provides a comprehensive list of the solubility of different gases in water at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) in (mg/L) unit.
| Acetylene | 1200 |
| Ammonia | 4.82 ×105 |
| Argon | 62 |
| Arsine | 280 |
| Butadiene | 735 |
| Butane | 61 |
| Carbon dioxide | 3369 |
| Carbon monoxide | 27.6 |
| Carbonyl sulfide | 1250 |
| Chlorine | 6300 |
| Chloroethane | 5740 |
| Chloromethane | 5325 |
| Cyanogen | 8.182 ×105 |
| Cyclopropane | 539 |
| Dichlorodifluoromethane | 286 |
| Dimethylamine | 1540 |
| Dimethyl ether | 6.8 ×104 |
| Ethane | 58 |
| Ethylene | 131 |
| Helium | 2.5 |
| Hydrogen bromide | 1.93 ×106 |
| Hydrogen chloride | 7.2 ×105 |
| Hydrogen sulfide | 3980 |
| Isobutane | 48.9 |
| Isobutylene | 263 |
| Methane | 23.2 |
| Nitric oxide | 56 |
| Nitrogen trifluoride | 210 |
| Nitrous oxide | 1500 |
| Propane | 77 |
| Propylene | 318 |
| Tetrafluoromethane | 20.4 |
| Trichlorofluoromethane | 1100 |
The solubility of gases in water can vary with temperature and pressure.
References: 1) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th Edition. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016-2017. 2) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 3) Yalkowsky, Samuel H, Yan He, Parijat Jain. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data. United Kingdom: CRC Press, 2016.