Relative Permittivity of Common Dielectric Materials
The relative permittivity, also known as the dielectric constant, is a property of dielectric materials that describes their ability to store electrical energy in an electric field.
The following table provides a curated list of relative permittivity values for common dielectric materials, taken at room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and a frequency of 1 MHz.
| Air (dry) | Gas | 1 |
| Alumina (90 wt% Al2O3) | Ceramic | 8.8 |
| Alumina (96 wt% Al2O3) | Ceramic | 9 |
| Alumina (99.5 wt% Al2O3) | Ceramic | 7.45 - 9.7 |
| Alumina (99.9 wt% Al2O3) | Ceramic | 9.7 |
| Alumina (99.99 wt% Al2O3) | Ceramic | 10.1 |
| Alumina porcelain | Ceramic | 8 - 9 |
| Asbestos wool | Mineral | 3.0 - 4.8 |
| Askarel (pyralene, pyranol) | Liquid | 4 - 4.5 |
| Bakelite (phenol formaldehyde resin) | Polymer | 4.5 - 5.5 |
| Barite (BaSO4) | Mineral | 11.4 |
| Barium zirconate (BaZrO3) | Ceramic | 43 |
| Beryllia (99.5 wt% BeO) | Ceramic | 6.8 |
| Boron nitride (BN) | Ceramic | 4.15 |
| Calcium oxide (CaO, calcia) | Ceramic | 11.8 |
| Calomel (Hg2Cl2) | Mineral | 14 |
| Celestine (SrSO4) | Mineral | 11.5 |
| Cellulose acetate | Thermoplastic | 3.2 |
| Cellulose triacetate | Thermoplastic | 3.3 |
| Cinnabar (HgS) | Mineral | 20 |
| Cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18) | Mineral | 5 |
| Corning® 0010 | Glass | 6.32 |
| Corning® 0080 | Glass | 6.75 |
| Corning® 0120 | Glass | 6.65 |
| Cuprite (Cu2O) | Mineral | 7.6 |
| Ebonite | Polymer | 4.5 - 5.5 |
| Fluorite (CaF2) | Mineral | 6.81 |
| Fluoroelastomer | Elastomer | 2.3 |
| Forsterite (Mg2SiO4) | Mineral | 6.2 |
| Hard rubber | Elastomer | 2.95 - 4.80 |
| Hematite (Fe2O3) | Mineral | 12 |
| Hexagonal boron nitride (96 wt% BN) | Ceramic | 4.2 |
| Lead zirconate (PbZrO3) | Ceramic | 200 |
| Macor® | Glass | 5.92 - 6.03 |
| Magnetite (Fe3O4) | Mineral | 20 |
| Marble (CaCO3) | Rock | 7 - 9 |
| Mica, muscovite type (KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH,F)2) | Mineral | 5 - 8 |
| Mica, phlogopite type (KMg3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2) | Mineral | 6.5 - 8.7 |
| Mineral oil (transformers) | Liquid | 2.2 |
| Mullite (Al6Si2O13) | Ceramic | 6.5 |
| Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) | Ceramic | 67 |
| Ozocerite (natural paraffins) | Mineraloid | 2 - 3 |
| Paper (kraft, dry) | Paper | 4 - 6 |
| Periclase (MgO) | Mineral | 9.65 |
| Polyamide | Thermoplastic | 3.7 |
| Polyester | Thermoplastic | 3.0 |
| Polyethylene | Thermoplastic | 2.2 |
| Polyimide | Thermoplastic | 3.4 |
| Polypropylene | Thermoplastic | 2.1 |
| Polytetrafluoroethylene | Thermoplastic | 2.1 |
| Polytrifluorochloroethylene | Thermoplastic | 2.5 |
| Polyurethane | Thermoset | 7.1 |
| Polyvinyl chloride | Thermoplastic | 4.0 |
| Polyvinyl fluoride | Thermoplastic | 7.4 |
| Polyvinylidene chloride | Thermoplastic | 5 |
| Polyvinylidene fluoride | Thermoplastic | 6.43 |
| Pyrex® 1710 | Glass | 6 |
| Pyrex® 3320 | Glass | 4.71 |
| Pyrex® 7040 | Glass | 4.65 |
| Pyrex® 7050 | Glass | 4.77 |
| Pyroceram | Ceramic | 5.58 |
| Pyrolussite (MnO2) | Mineral | 12.8 |
| Rutile (TiO2) | Mineral | 85 - 170 |
| Silicon dioxide (SiO2) | Ceramic | 3.79 - 4.50 |
| Silicon nitride (Si3N4) | Ceramic | 7.9 - 8.1 |
| Slate | Rock | 6.0 - 7.5 |
| Soda lime glass | Glass | 7.2 |
| Soapstone | Mineral | 6 |
| Spinel (MgAl2O4) | Mineral | 8.6 |
| Steatite (talc) | Ceramic | 5.5 - 7.5 |
| Strontianite (SrCO3) | Mineral | 8.85 |
| Strontium oxide (SrO) | Ceramic | 13.3 |
| Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) | Ceramic | 2080 |
| Sulfur (sublimed) | Mineral | 3.69 |
| Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) | Gas | 1 |
| Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) | Ceramic | 27.6 |
| Thorium dioxide (ThO2) | Ceramic | 18.9 |
| Uranium dioxide (UO2) | Ceramic | 24 |
| Vycor® (96 wt% SiO2, 3 wt% B2O3) | Glass | 6 |
| Witherite (BaCO3) | Mineral | 8.53 |
| Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) | Ceramic | 10 |
| Zinc oxide (ZnO) | Ceramic | 8.15 |
| Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) | Ceramic | 12.5 - 24.7 |
Related Tables
References: 1) Cardarelli, François. Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018.